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HB 849

Statutes and Codification - As introduced, defines "human being," "life," and "natural person" for statutory construction purposes; excludes from the definition of "person," "life," and "natural person" artificial intelligence, a computer algorithm, a software program, computer hardware, or any type of machine. - Amends TCA Title 1.

114th Regular Session (2025-2026) Introduced by Michele Reneau

Tennessee bill excludes AI, algorithms, and software from legal definitions of "human being" and "natural person" in statutory interpretation.

Rec. for pass. if am., ref. to Calendar & Rules Committee
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Bill Summary · HB 849

Legislative bill overview

HB 849 amends Tennessee's statutory construction laws to explicitly define "human being," "life," and "natural person" as excluding artificial intelligence, computer algorithms, software, and machines. This is a definitional statute meant to clarify how existing Tennessee laws apply when AI systems are involved in legal contexts.

Why is this important

As AI becomes increasingly integrated into commercial transactions, healthcare, employment, and legal processes, courts need clear guidance on whether AI entities qualify for legal protections or rights designed for humans. This bill prevents AI systems from being inadvertently granted legal personhood or human protections through existing statutes that weren't written with AI in mind.

Potential points of contention

  • Legal futureproofing vs. premature restriction: Critics may argue this preemptively limits how AI could be regulated or governed in the future without waiting to see how AI technology actually develops
  • Definition scope: The broad exclusions (algorithms, software, hardware) could be interpreted to prevent even narrow forms of legal recognition AI might need for specific purposes like contractual liability or intellectual property
  • Constitutional questions: Some may question whether statutory definitions can override common law principles or whether this creates inconsistency with how other states treat emerging technologies

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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