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HB 49

Public Health - Abortion (Heartbeat Bill)

2026 Regular Session Introduced by Ric Metzgar

Maryland bill would ban abortions after fetal heartbeat detection (around 6 weeks), restricting access in a traditionally pro-choice state.

First Reading Health
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Bill Summary · HB 49

Legislative bill overview

HB 49 is a "heartbeat bill" that would restrict abortion access in Maryland by prohibiting the procedure once a fetal heartbeat can be detected, typically around 6 weeks of pregnancy. The bill was introduced by Delegate Ric Metzgar and is currently in the Health and Government Operations Committee after its first reading in January 2026.

Why is this important

This legislation directly challenges Maryland's current status as a state with relatively permissive abortion access protections. Maryland has historically protected abortion rights through state law, making this bill a significant departure from the state's existing policy framework and potentially affecting thousands of residents seeking abortion care.

Potential points of contention

  • Medical timing controversy: A 6-week heartbeat threshold occurs before many people know they're pregnant, raising questions about practical implementation and whether this effectively bans most abortions
  • Constitutional concerns: Similar heartbeat bills in other states have faced legal challenges, with courts finding them in conflict with current federal precedent regarding pre-viability abortion access
  • State policy contradiction: The bill conflicts with Maryland's existing legal protections for abortion access, creating uncertainty about which law would apply and potential implementation challenges

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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