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HR 99

Protecting Businesses From Frivolous COVID Lawsuits Act of 2025

119th Congress Introduced by Andy Biggs

HR 99 shields businesses from COVID-related lawsuits if they followed public health guidelines, reducing litigation exposure but potentially limiting victim compensation options.

Introduced in House
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WeVote Research Nonpartisan
Bill Summary · HR 99

Legislative bill overview

HR 99 would establish legal protections for businesses against lawsuits related to COVID-19, limiting liability for companies that followed public health guidelines during the pandemic. The bill aims to shield businesses from what sponsors consider "frivolous" claims by setting a high bar for proving negligence or wrongdoing in COVID-related disputes.

Why is this important

This legislation directly affects ongoing COVID litigation and could determine whether businesses face significant financial damages for pandemic-related harm claims. It represents a policy choice about balancing business protection against individuals' ability to seek compensation for alleged COVID-related injuries or losses.

Potential points of contention

  • Definition of "frivolous": The bill's threshold for what constitutes a legitimate versus frivolous claim may be disputed, with opponents arguing it unfairly protects negligent businesses while supporters claim it prevents abuse of the court system
  • Retroactive application: Whether protections apply to lawsuits already filed or only future claims could dramatically affect ongoing litigation and liability exposure
  • Guidance compliance standard: Determining what level of compliance with "public health guidelines" qualifies for protection—since guidelines varied widely by jurisdiction and evolved throughout the pandemic—may create interpretation disputes
  • Victim compensation access: Critics may argue such protections limit remedies for people genuinely harmed, while proponents contend businesses need certainty to operate and recover economically

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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