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Bill

HJR 198

Proposing a constitutional amendment to reserve to the people the powers of initiative and referendum.

89th Legislature (2025) Introduced by John Bryant and 3 co-sponsors

Texas constitutional amendment would grant citizens power to directly propose and vote on laws, bypassing the legislature in a currently restrictive state.

Referred to State Affairs
#elections--initiative #referendum&recall(i0300) #legislativebudgetboard(v0161) #legislativecouncil #texas(v0001) #resolutions--constitutionalamendments(i0661) #secretaryofstate(v0042)
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Bill Summary · HJR 198

Legislative bill overview

HJR 198 proposes a constitutional amendment that would grant Texas citizens the power of initiative (proposing laws directly) and referendum (voting to approve or reject laws). Currently, Texas is one of only 24 states without statewide initiative and referendum powers. The amendment would need to pass both chambers of the legislature and then be approved by Texas voters in a statewide election.

Why is this important

This amendment would fundamentally shift legislative power by allowing voters to bypass the Texas legislature and directly enact laws or block legislation. Proponents argue it increases democratic participation and holds lawmakers accountable; opponents contend it could lead to inconsistent policymaking, empower special interests with resources for ballot campaigns, and undermine representative democracy.

Potential points of contention

  • Fiscal impact concerns: Direct voter legislation could create spending commitments without adequate revenue planning, potentially forcing the legislature into difficult budget situations
  • Populism vs. representative democracy: Critics worry ballot measures driven by well-funded campaigns may not reflect nuanced policy needs; supporters see it as essential democratic check on legislative power
  • Texas political feasibility: As a traditionally conservative state favoring limited government, Texas has resisted initiative/referendum for decades; the amendment faces substantial skepticism from the legislature that must approve it

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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