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Bill

Bill

SB 645

Juries: peremptory challenges.

2025-2026 Regular Session Introduced by Tom Umberg

SB 645 restricts peremptory jury challenges in California courts to reduce discriminatory dismissals and increase jury diversity through enhanced judicial oversight.

Chaptered by Secretary of State. Chapter 656, Statutes of 2025.
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Bill Summary · SB 645

Legislative bill overview

SB 645 modifies California's rules governing peremptory challenges in jury selection by restricting attorneys' ability to dismiss prospective jurors without stated cause. The bill implements additional safeguards to prevent discriminatory use of these challenges, which have long been criticized as tools for removing jurors based on race, ethnicity, gender, or other protected characteristics.

Why is this important

Peremptory challenges have been documented as a mechanism through which attorneys systematically exclude jurors from particular demographic groups, affecting jury composition and potentially jury outcomes. This reform addresses fairness concerns in the criminal and civil justice systems by increasing judicial oversight of challenge practices and supporting more representative juries.

Potential points of contention

  • Prosecutorial concerns: Law enforcement and prosecutors may argue that restrictions limit legitimate trial strategy and jury selection based on factors like juror attitudes toward criminal defendants or specific crimes
  • Implementation complexity: Judges must now scrutinize challenges more carefully, potentially slowing jury selection and creating inconsistent application across courtrooms
  • Effectiveness debate: Opponents question whether restrictions actually eliminate bias or simply require attorneys to articulate pretextual reasons for challenges while achieving the same discriminatory outcomes

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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