Energy: other; energy and water usage report requirements for data centers; provide for. Amends sec. 5a of 1939 PA 3 (MCL 460.5a).

2025-2026 Regular Session Introduced by Rosemary Bayer and 6 co-sponsors

Michigan will require annual public reporting of water and energy use by data centers, with utilities and the state publishing yearly transparency data on their website.

SENATE CO-SPONSOR(S) NAMED: SEAN MCCANN

#energy:other #publicutilities:publicservicecommission

Summary of SB 762 (Session 2025-2026) — Michigan

Purpose and intent

SB 762 amends section 5a of 1939 PA 3 to establish new annual reporting requirements related to data centers for Michigan’s public water supplies and energy usage. The bill aims to increase transparency around water and electricity consumption by data centers and to provide the state with more data on the resource use of these facilities.

Key provisions and changes

Annual PSCE Report to Governor and Legislature

The Michigan Public Service Commission (the commission) must submit an annual report by the first Monday of March each year.
The report covers the commission’s activities and may include rules, opinions, and orders from the prior year, plus any other information the commission deems valuable.

Data center data and public water supply reporting

Beginning no later than July 1, 2027 (and annually thereafter), the commission must publish on its website a report containing:
(a) The total amount of water used by each data center within each public water supply’s service area for the preceding calendar year.
(b) The total amount of energy used by each data center, measured in total gigawatts per year, for the preceding calendar year.
Data center reporting cadence for water and energy:
Public water supplies must submit the total water usage data described to the commission by June 1 each year (beginning in 2027).

Definitions

“Data center” is defined as a facility designed and used to house equipment for centralizing the storage and processing of data.
“Public water supply” adheres to the definition in the Safe Drinking Water Act (1976 PA 399, MCL 325.1002).

Who would be affected

Data centers operating within Michigan and located in areas served by public water supplies would be the primary entities subject to the data reporting requirements.

Public water supplies (water utilities) would have to collect and report annual water usage data for each data center within their service area.

The Michigan Public Service Commission would be responsible for compiling, publishing, and maintaining the annual reports on its website, and for aggregating the data from utilities and data centers.

Procedural and timeline aspects

Introduction date: December 18, 2025

Initial reporting cycle:

By July 1, 2027: First published data-center water and energy usage report on the commission’s website (covering the preceding calendar year).
By June 1 of each year thereafter: Public water supplies submit the annual total water usage data for the preceding calendar year.

Ongoing annual reports to the Governor and Legislature:

The commission must prepare an annual report by the first Monday of March each year detailing its activities and, optionally, rules, opinions, and orders from the prior year, plus other valuable information.

Notable details

The bill preserves and modifies the framework of the existing 1939 public utilities structure by amending section 5a (as added by 1989 PA 33).

It establishes a recurring, protected public data-release cycle intended to improve transparency around the resource use of data centers.

If you’d like, I can provide a quick comparison to current reporting requirements or outline potential policy implications and cost considerations for utilities and data centers.