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S 1031

An Act to amend the foreclosure statute to require judicial foreclosure

194th Legislature (2025-2026) Introduced by Mike Brady

Idaho district boards of health can act only when necessary, reasonable, and supported by scientific evidence to preserve and protect public and preventive health.

Accompanied a study order (under JR10), see S2886
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Bill Summary · S 1031

Summary — S 1031 (Idaho) — PUBLIC HEALTH DISTRICTS

Status: Signed by Governor (Session Law Ch. 169). Effective date: July 1, 2025.

Main purpose

S 1031 amends Idaho Code § 39-414 to narrow and clarify the statutory powers and duties of district boards of health. The change emphasizes that district boards may undertake only actions that are necessary, reasonable, and supported by scientific evidence in furtherance of preserving and protecting public and preventive health.

Key provisions and changes

  • Amends Section 39-414, Idaho Code, language governing the powers and duties of district health boards.
  • Limits board authority to "do all things required for the preservation and protection of the public health and preventive health" by adding the qualifier that actions must be:
    • necessary and reasonable, and
    • supported by scientific evidence.
  • Retains existing authorities, including:
    • administering and enforcing state and district health laws, regulations, and standards;
    • entering into agreements with the Director of the Department of Health and Welfare or the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality (agreements may be with one or multiple districts), subject to the subsection’s limitations;
    • entering contracts, accepting gifts/grants, managing property and finances, cooperating with state boards and agencies, and other routine district powers (items (1), (3)–(14) of § 39-414).
  • Maintains rule on the immediate effect of a district board order, and preserves a county review/approval role when an order applies to all persons in a county or public health district:
    • County commissioners must, after consultation, resolve whether to approve the order within 7 days of the order’s date.
    • If approved, the order takes effect immediately for 30 days and may be extended/amended/reimposed in 30‑day increments, subject to county approval.
  • Declares an emergency and specifies the act takes full force and effect on July 1, 2025.

Who is affected

  • District boards of health (their discretion and legal standard for taking public‑health actions).
  • County boards of commissioners (must review/approve district orders that apply countywide).
  • Residents and entities within public health districts subject to district board orders.
  • State agencies (Department of Health and Welfare, Department of Environmental Quality) when entering agreements with districts.

Procedural/timeline notes

  • Introduced: March 13, 2025.
  • Passed both legislative chambers (final Senate vote 65–1–4; House vote 31–0–4 as amended).
  • Delivered to Governor March 19, 2025; signed March 25, 2025.
  • Effective date: July 1, 2025 (emergency clause).

Fiscal impact

  • Fiscal note attached to the bill states no anticipated fiscal impact (does not create, eliminate, or alter revenue/expenditure sources).

Additional observations

  • The final (engrossed) text uses the amendment’s formulation requiring actions to be "necessary and reasonable" and "supported by scientific evidence." An earlier introduced draft included language specifically about “preventative health measures” only in cases of a demonstrated immediate public‑health risk; that phrasing was removed in amendment.
  • The provided document lists several federal senators as “sponsors,” which appears inconsistent with an Idaho state statute and may be a clerical error in the supplied materials.

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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