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HB 841

An Act amending the act of April 9, 1929 (P.L.177, No.175), known as The Administrative Code of 1929, in disposition of Commonwealth surplus land, further providing for annual property survey.

2025-2026 Regular Session Introduced by Heather Boyd and 17 co-sponsors

Requires a statewide NC Collaboratory study of shellfish leasing and moratoriums to craft an evidence-based framework that balances industry growth, environment, and public access.

Referred to State Government
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Bill Summary · HB 841

HB 841 — Shellfish Leasing Study (North Carolina)

Status: Introduced (1st Reading Apr 9–10, 2025); referred to Wildlife Resources, Agriculture & Environment (if favorable), and Rules
Sponsor: Rep. Carson Smith
Effective date: Upon becoming law

Purpose

Require the North Carolina Collaboratory to conduct a statewide, comprehensive study of shellfish aquaculture leasing and existing moratoriums on such leases. The intent is to develop an evidence-based framework that balances economic development, environmental protection, and public access to coastal waters.

Key provisions

  • Directs the North Carolina Collaboratory to evaluate regulatory, economic, environmental, and social aspects of shellfish aquaculture leasing statewide.
  • Specifies nine topic areas the study must address:
    1. Effectiveness of current regulations and permitting for shellfish aquaculture leases.
    2. History and policy bases for existing permanent and temporary moratoriums, and whether to lift, modify, or add moratoriums.
    3. Best practices from other states for managing shellfish aquaculture.
    4. Economic impacts of aquaculture expansion on coastal economies and tourism.
    5. Conflicts between aquaculture operations and private property values, commercial/recreational fishing, boating, and other coastal uses.
    6. Environmental considerations, including water quality, seagrass protection, and habitat impacts.
    7. Regulatory, permitting, and environmental differences between bottom leases and column (off-bottom) leases.
    8. The role of local governments in leases within or adjacent to their jurisdictions.
    9. Recommendations for a statewide regulatory and permitting framework that benefits the industry while mitigating conflicts.
  • Requires consultation with the NC Division of Marine Fisheries, the Marine Fisheries Commission, and stakeholders (shellfish growers, commercial/recreational fishermen, property owners, and coastal local governments).

Deliverables / Timeline

  • Interim report (preliminary findings) to the Joint Legislative Oversight Committee on Agriculture and Natural and Economic Resources by December 1, 2025.
  • Final report, including recommendations for legislative or regulatory changes, by May 1, 2026.

Who is affected

  • Shellfish growers and prospective aquaculture businesses (bottom and column systems).
  • Commercial and recreational fishermen, boaters, and other coastal water users.
  • Coastal property owners and tourism-related businesses.
  • Local governments in coastal areas (zoning/adjacent jurisdiction issues).
  • State agencies involved in fisheries, permitting, and environmental protection.

Potential impacts

  • May produce policy recommendations that change leasing rules, moratorium status, permitting processes, or mitigation requirements.
  • Could inform legislation or rulemaking to expand or constrain shellfish aquaculture, modify local/state roles, or strengthen environmental safeguards (e.g., seagrass protection, water quality monitoring).
  • Findings may influence coastal economic development and recreation/tourism dynamics depending on recommended balance between industry growth and public trust uses.

If enacted, the study will provide a centralized, research-based foundation for policy decisions about shellfish aquaculture leasing across North Carolina.

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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