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SB 118

Alabama Justice Information Commission; collection, dissemination, and use of biometric identifiers by certain entities provided for; Alabama Background Check Service established, types, uses, and fees for certain background checks for noncriminal justice purposes authorized; Alabama Rap Back Program established, penalties provided for; existing law relating to release of criminal history information repealed

2026 Regular Session Introduced by Lance Bell

Alabama establishes centralized biometric database and automated rap back system to distribute criminal history records to employers and licensing agencies with standardized background checks.

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Bill Summary · SB 118

Legislative bill overview

SB 118 establishes the Alabama Justice Information Commission to centralize management of biometric data and criminal history information across the state. It creates the Alabama Background Check Service, authorizes various types of background checks for non-criminal justice purposes (such as employment and licensing), and establishes a "Rap Back Program" that provides ongoing notification of arrest records to authorized users.

Why is this important

This bill consolidates disparate criminal justice information systems and creates standardized procedures for background checks, affecting millions of Alabamians seeking employment, professional licenses, and other opportunities. The Rap Back Program represents a significant expansion of how criminal justice data flows to private entities and employers, potentially affecting employment outcomes and privacy considerations for individuals with criminal histories.

Potential points of contention

  • Privacy and surveillance scope: The centralized biometric database and automated "rap back" notifications could enable pervasive monitoring of individuals post-conviction, raising concerns about rehabilitation and reintegration opportunities
  • Equity and accuracy: Disparities in arrest patterns mean marginalized communities could face disproportionate impacts; no mention of audit procedures or accuracy safeguards for the biometric system
  • Fee structure and access: Background check fees and which entities qualify for the service could create barriers for some employers/users while giving others preferential access to criminal history information
  • Overreach of non-criminal justice uses: Expanding background checks beyond criminal justice purposes to employment and licensing creates potential for discrimination based on arrest records (not just convictions)

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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