Bill
HR 4124
Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act (HR 4124) SummaryThe Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act is a bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives on June 25, 2
The Restoring Judicial Separation of Powers Act is a bill introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives on June 25, 2025. The main purpose of the bill is to restore the traditional separation of powers between the judicial and executive branches by limiting the ability of federal agencies to interpret laws and issue binding regulations.
The bill would make the following key changes:
Restrictions on Agency Rule-Making: The bill would prohibit federal agencies from issuing any legally binding rules or regulations. Agencies would only be allowed to provide non-binding guidance and recommendations.
Judicial Review of Agency Actions: The bill would empower federal courts to review and overturn any agency actions that exceed the agency's statutory authority or are "arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion."
Congressional Approval for Major Rules: The bill would require any "major" agency rules or regulations (those with an estimated economic impact over $100 million) to be approved by Congress before taking effect.
Sunset of Existing Regulations: All existing federal regulations would automatically expire within 5 years unless re-approved by Congress.
If enacted, this bill would significantly curtail the power of federal regulatory agencies and shift more policymaking authority back to Congress and the courts. This would affect a wide range of industries and sectors that are subject to federal regulations, including:
The bill could face legal challenges on separation of powers grounds, and its implementation would likely face significant opposition from executive branch agencies and advocacy groups that support the modern regulatory state.
As a bill introduced in the House, HR 4124 would need to pass both chambers of Congress and be signed by the President to become law. Given the partisan divides on these issues, its passage faces an uphill battle in the current political environment.
Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.
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