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PS 445

“Para proclamar la Política Pública del Gobierno de Puerto Rico en contra de la violencia obstétrica como un asunto de derechos humanos; establecer una causa de acción civil especial por daños sufridos a causa de violencia obstétrica; y para decretar otras disposiciones complementarias.”

2025-2028 Session

Puerto Rico bill establishes civil liability for obstetric violence and declares it a human rights violation, enabling patients to sue healthcare providers for mistreatment during pregnancy and childbirth.

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Bill Summary · PS 445

Legislative bill overview

Bill PS 445 establishes public policy against obstetric violence as a human rights matter in Puerto Rico and creates a civil cause of action allowing patients to sue for damages caused by obstetric violence. The bill aims to provide legal recourse and institutional recognition for mistreatment during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum care.

Why is this important

Obstetric violence—defined as disrespectful, abusive, or negligent treatment during maternal care—has documented physical and psychological consequences. This bill would give Puerto Rican patients a specific legal pathway to seek compensation and potentially incentivize healthcare providers to improve respectful care standards. It addresses a gap in existing consumer protection and medical liability frameworks.

Potential points of contention

  • Definition clarity: "Obstetric violence" lacks precise legal definition in many jurisdictions, potentially creating disputes over what conduct qualifies and exposing healthcare providers to broad liability
  • Healthcare system burden: The medical and obstetric sectors may argue increased litigation costs and defensive medicine practices could reduce access to maternal care services
  • Evidentiary challenges: Proving mistreatment versus standard medical practice in complex childbirth scenarios may prove difficult, leading to costly litigation with uncertain outcomes

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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