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HB 1296

Environment - Managed Aquifer Recharge Pilot Program - Establishment

2025 Regular Session Introduced by Mary Lehman and 1 co-sponsor

Maryland establishes managed aquifer recharge pilot program to inject surface water underground during wet periods for drought resilience and water supply security.

Approved by the Governor - Chapter 474
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Bill Summary · HB 1296

Legislative bill overview

HB 1296 establishes a managed aquifer recharge (MAR) pilot program in Maryland to artificially replenish groundwater supplies by injecting surface water into underground aquifers during periods of abundance. The bill authorizes the Department of the Environment to develop and oversee demonstration projects that test this water storage and recovery technology. This became law in May 2025 after passing both chambers and receiving gubernatorial approval.

Why is this important

Managed aquifer recharge addresses Maryland's water security challenges by creating underground storage capacity that can be drawn upon during droughts or high-demand periods, reducing dependence on surface water sources. The pilot program approach allows the state to evaluate effectiveness, costs, and environmental impacts before broader implementation, potentially offering a climate-resilient water management tool as precipitation patterns become less predictable.

Potential points of contention

  • Groundwater contamination risk: Injecting surface water into aquifers carries risks of introducing pollutants or pathogens into drinking water sources if injection sites or water quality aren't properly managed
  • Aquifer compatibility and capacity: Not all aquifers are suitable for recharge; the program must identify appropriate geological formations, and overcharging could cause unintended hydrogeological changes
  • Cost allocation and funding: Unclear whether pilots are funded through existing budgets or require new appropriations, and who bears costs if projects require remediation or fail to meet objectives

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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