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HB 644

Crimes and offenses; crime of female genital mutilation established, penalties provided

2026 Regular Session Introduced by Prince Chestnut

Alabama bill criminalizes female genital mutilation with penalties for those who perform, facilitate, or consent to the practice on minors.

Reported Out of Committee House of Origin
#crimes&offenses
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Bill Summary · HB 644

Legislative bill overview

HB 644 establishes female genital mutilation (FGM) as a distinct criminal offense in Alabama with specified penalties. The bill creates new criminal liability for performing, attempting to perform, or facilitating FGM procedures, as well as for parents or guardians who consent to or facilitate such procedures on minors.

Why is this important

FGM is a medically unnecessary practice that can cause severe physical and psychological harm, including infection, hemorrhage, chronic pain, and complications during childbirth. While FGM is already illegal under federal law (18 U.S.C. § 116), state-level criminalization provides additional enforcement mechanisms, clearer penalties, and explicit deterrence within Alabama's jurisdiction.

Potential points of contention

  • Cultural sensitivity vs. child protection: Debates may arise regarding how to balance respect for cultural practices with protecting children from harm, particularly in communities where FGM has traditional significance
  • Scope of penalties: Questions about whether penalties apply equally to medical professionals versus family members, and whether the bill adequately addresses coercion or duress circumstances
  • Enforcement and investigation: Practical concerns about how law enforcement will identify cases, obtain evidence, and investigate allegations while respecting privacy and avoiding discriminatory profiling

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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