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HB 438

Civil Actions - Tortious Injury to or Death of Pet - Compensatory Damages (Buddy's Law)

2025 Regular Session Introduced by Lauren Arikan and 14 co-sponsors

Maryland allows pet owners to sue for compensatory damages beyond fair market value when pets are tortiously injured or killed, recognizing emotional harm.

Approved by the Governor - Chapter 101
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Bill Summary · HB 438

Legislative bill overview

HB 438 expands Maryland's tort law to allow pet owners to recover compensatory damages beyond a pet's fair market value when an animal is tortiously injured or killed. Previously, Maryland law treated pets primarily as property with damages capped at replacement cost. This bill recognizes the emotional bond between owners and pets by permitting recovery for non-economic losses.

Why is this important

Pet ownership affects millions of Maryland households, and this law provides legal recourse that better reflects modern attitudes toward animals as family members rather than mere chattel. The change could significantly increase liability exposure for defendants in pet injury cases and may influence insurance practices and damage awards across the state.

Potential points of contention

  • Defining compensable harm: The bill's language on what constitutes recoverable "compensatory damages" beyond fair market value lacks precise boundaries, potentially leading to inconsistent awards and litigation over emotional distress valuations
  • Liability expansion: Defendants—veterinarians, pet sitters, property owners, drivers—face substantially higher financial risk, which could increase insurance costs and defensive practices
  • Valuation subjectivity: Unlike tangible property damage, emotional loss and pet value are inherently subjective, creating unpredictability in outcomes and potentially frivolous claims

Compiled from official sources — confirm details with the bill’s official record.

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