AI Workforce Impact Study Act of 2026

Purpose and intent

• HR 9427, the AI Workforce Impact Study Act of 2026, directs the Comptroller General of the United States (GAO) to conduct a comprehensive study on the impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) on the U.S. workforce.
• The bill requires a final report to Congress within one year of enactment, covering data from November 22, 2022 through the enactment date.

Key provisions

• GAO study contents (subsection 2(a)(1)):
  • Assess the impacts of AI on the U.S. workforce, including:
  • (A) The estimated number and percentage of individuals who have lost their jobs due to AI, with disaggregation (see below).
  • (B) The estimated number and percentage of individuals who have been hired into jobs created as a result of AI, with disaggregation.
  • (C) How jobs have been substantially altered, including the use of AI to monitor or replace workers.
  • Identify limitations of data collected and reported by the federal government and the data collection methods used to measure AI’s workforce impacts.
• Data disaggregation (subsection 2(b)):
  • Breakdowns for job losses and job creation by:
  • (1) Geographic area
  • (2) Industry and occupation
  • Demographic breakdowns by characteristics of individuals (including sex and race).
• Definition of AI (subsection 2(c)):
  • Uses the definition of “artificial intelligence” as provided in section 5002 of the National AI Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401).

Who/what is affected

• The study targets the broader U.S. workforce and labor market, including:
  • Workers who have lost jobs due to AI.
  • Workers who have gained employment in AI-created roles.
  • Workers whose job content or conditions have materially changed due to AI.
• Data users include Congress and federal policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders seeking to understand AI’s labor market effects.

Timelines and procedural details

• Enactment and reporting timeline:
  • The Comptroller General must conduct the study and submit a report to Congress not later than one year after enactment.
  • The study covers the period from November 22, 2022, through the enactment date.
• Procedural status:
  • Introduced in the House on June 24, 2026.
  • Referred to the House Committee on Education and Workforce.
  • Sponsored by Rep. Valerie Foushee; cosponsored by Rep. Greg Casar.

Notes on definitions and scope

• The bill relies on the GAO for independent, evidence-based assessment of AI’s workforce impacts.
• The scope emphasizes both job displacement and job creation related to AI, as well as changes in job practices (e.g., monitoring or replacement of workers).
• Data transparency focus includes highlighting data gaps and methodological limitations in federal data collection on AI and employment.

This summary captures the bill’s aim to quantify and characterize AI’s effects on employment, with emphasis on disaggregated, demographic, geographic, and industry-specific insights to inform policy discussions.