Texas faces growing water infrastructure challenges due to rapid population growth, aging pipelines, and climate-driven droughts. A 2036 report estimated that the state will need nearly one hundred fifty-four billion dollars by 2050 for water supply projects, maintenance of leaky pipes, and wastewater system repairs. Texas loses tens of billions of gallons of water each year through deteriorating infrastructure, highlighting the urgency of securing a stable funding source for critical projects. House Joint Resolution 7, appearing on the ballot as Proposition 4, would amend the Texas Constitution to dedicate up to one billion dollars per year from state sales and use tax revenue to the Texas Water Fund, starting in fiscal year 2027 and continuing for twenty years. The amendment does not increase tax rates but repurposes existing revenue, with deposits triggered only after annual sales and use tax collections exceed a statutory threshold. The legislature retains authority to suspend or adjust allocations during a declared state disaster and must appropriate funds each session. Funds deposited into the Texas Water Fund would be administered by the Texas Water Development Board through its existing financial assistance programs. Eligible uses include repairing and replacing aging water and wastewater infrastructure, developing new water supplies such as desalination and pipeline projects, supporting flood mitigation efforts, and funding projects in large, small, and rural communities that meet local needs. Proponents argue that dedicated funding will lower borrowing costs, reduce local ratepayer burdens, and accelerate critical projects. According to the Legislative Budget Board, dedicating up to one billion dollars annually would reduce general revenue by the same amount beginning in fiscal year 2027 and continuing for at least the first four years, with an estimated biennial impact of just over one billion dollars. Over the full twenty-year period, the amendment could redirect up to twenty billion dollars from general revenue to the Water Fund. The temporary provision takes effect on September 1, 2027, and expires September 1, 2028, after the first deposit. Critics contend that constitutionally earmarking large sums of sales tax revenue restricts legislative flexibility to respond to future priorities and reduces oversight of spending. Opponents also warn that dedicating existing revenue may crowd out general revenue needs for education, healthcare, and other programs. Some express concern that the threshold mechanism could delay funding in economic downturns when tax collections fall below the trigger level.